Our feet are the unsung heroes in our day-to-day lives, carrying us through miles of steps, runs, and walks. However, they remain unnoticeable unless something goes amiss. From mild inconveniences to debilitating pain, foot problems can compromise our ability to move and can go as far as affecting our general well-being. According to Dr. Ankit Dave, one of the best doctors for sports injury in Nairobi, the frequency with which adults seem to suffer these issues is alarming, but many wait to visit a professional until their discomfort has become unbearable.

Taking proactive measures when foot problems first arise can keep you on your feet and enjoying an active lifestyle. Here, then, are ten of the most common foot problems adults face, how they come about, and how to treat them before they slow you down.

1. Plantar Fasciitis

Cause: Plantar fasciitis occurs when the plantar fascia, the thick band of tissue connecting your heel to your toes, becomes inflamed. It’s often caused by overuse, improper footwear, or high-impact activities like running.

Treatment: Rest, ice, and over-the-counter anti-inflammatory medications can relieve pain. Stretching exercises, orthotic inserts, or physical therapy can also help. In severe cases, a doctor may recommend corticosteroid injections or surgery.

2. Bunions

Cause: Bunions are bony bumps that form on the side of the big toe, often due to genetic factors, tight shoes, or arthritis.

Treatment: Wear roomy, comfortable shoes and use bunion pads or orthotics to reduce pressure. For severe bunions, surgery may be necessary to realign the joint.

3. Corns and Calluses

Cause: Corns and calluses develop from repeated friction or pressure on the skin, often due to ill-fitting shoes or prolonged standing.

Treatment: Soaking your feet, using a pumice stone to remove thickened skin, and applying moisturizing creams can help. If pain persists, seek the best orthopaedic surgeon in Nairobi who can trim them safely or recommend custom orthotics.

4. Athlete’s Foot

Cause: Athlete’s foot is a fungal infection caused by warm, moist conditions in shoes or communal areas like gym showers. It leads to itching, redness, and peeling skin.

Treatment: Over-the-counter antifungal creams or sprays usually work well. Keep your feet dry, change socks often, and wear breathable footwear to prevent recurrence. Severe cases may require prescription medication from the best doctor for sports injury in Nairobi.

5. Heel Spurs

Cause: Heel spurs are bony growths that develop on the underside of the heel bone, often as a result of chronic stress on the foot. They are frequently associated with plantar fasciitis.

Treatment: Rest, ice, and stretching exercises can reduce inflammation. Wearing supportive footwear with cushioned insoles or orthotics can prevent further irritation. In some cases, corticosteroid injections or surgery may be recommended.

6. Ingrown Toenails

Cause: Ingrown toenails occur when the edge of a toenail grows into the surrounding skin. Tight shoes, improper nail trimming, or injury can cause this condition.

Treatment: Soak your feet in warm water to reduce swelling and pain. If the problem persists, see a podiatrist who can remove the ingrown portion of the nail and prevent recurrence.

7. Hammer Toe

Cause: Hammer toe is a deformity where a toe bends downward at the middle joint, often due to muscle imbalance, arthritis, or wearing tight shoes.

Treatment: Switch to shoes with a wide toe box and use padding to reduce pressure. Toe exercises and splints can help straighten the toe. Severe cases may require surgery to correct the deformity.

8. Flat Feet

Cause: Flat feet occur when the arches of the feet collapse or fail to develop, causing the entire sole to touch the ground. Genetics, injury, or overuse can lead to this condition.

Treatment: Orthotic insoles or supportive shoes can alleviate discomfort. Physical therapy and strengthening exercises can also help. In rare cases, surgery may be needed for structural issues.

9. Gout

Cause: Gout is a form of arthritis caused by the buildup of uric acid crystals in the joints, most commonly affecting the big toe. Poor diet, dehydration, or genetics often contribute to gout.

Treatment: Anti-inflammatory medications and lifestyle changes, such as reducing alcohol and purine-rich foods, can manage symptoms. In severe cases, prescription medications as suggested by the best orthopaedic surgeon in Nairobi are necessary to lower uric acid levels.

10. Neuromas

Cause: A neuroma is a thickening of nerve tissue, often between the third and fourth toes, caused by pressure or irritation. It may result from high-impact activities, tight shoes, or foot deformities.

Treatment: Switch to shoes with a wide toe box and cushioned soles. Corticosteroid injections or custom orthotics can relieve pain. Severe cases may require surgical removal of the neuroma.

Tips for Preventing Foot Problems

1. Choose Proper Footwear: Wear shoes that fit well, provide support, and have a roomy toe box.
2. Maintain Good Hygiene: Wash and dry your feet thoroughly, especially between the toes, to prevent infections.
3. Stretch and Strengthen: Incorporate foot stretches and exercises into your routine to keep your feet strong and flexible.
4. Address Issues Early: Don’t ignore foot pain. Early treatment can prevent minor problems from turning into chronic issues.

Conclusion

Foot problems are a common challenge for adults, but most can be treated effectively with the right approach. By understanding the causes and treatments for these conditions, you can take proactive steps to protect your foot health. If you experience persistent pain or discomfort, don’t hesitate to consult one of the best orthopaedic surgeons in Nairobi for expert care. Healthy feet are key to staying active and living your best life!